Ελληνική Ψυχιατρική Βιβλιογραφία

Εργασίες από Ελληνικά Ιδρύματα - Μέρος 2



<56>
Accession Number Journal Article: 82-05459.
Author : Madianos, Michael G; Gefou-Madianou, D; Costas, N Stefanis.
Institution : U Athens, Dept of Psychiatry, Community Mental Health Ctr, Greece.
Title: Family medical history and individual psychological functioning in the general population of Greece.
Source: European Journal of Psychiatry. Vol 7(3) 164-171, Jul-Sep 1993.
Abstract:
Presents data from a cross-sectional home survey on psychosocial issues and health conducted on a Greek sample of 3,947 respondents (aged 12-64 yrs). Familial pathology related to mental health issues and to drug and alcohol use was explored. Mental health status was based on nonspecific symptoms of distress or demoralization and the number of reported dysthymic or depressive symptoms. Familial factors were assessed with the Family Medical History Index (FMHI). Ss characterized as mentally impaired by the application of specific screening scales criteria had a positive family medical history with higher scores on FMHI. This indicates that Ss suffering from a higher number of symptoms of anxiety and depression also had family members using tranquilizers, illicit drugs, and alcohol excessively, or suffering from a somatic or mental illness. (ClinPSYC Database Copyright 1995 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved).

<57>
Accession Number Journal Article: 82-04717.
Author : Emmanouil, D E; Johnson, C H; Quock, R M.
Institution : U Athens, Faculty of Dentistry, Greece.
Title: Nitrous oxide anxiolytic effect in mice in the elevated plus maze: Mediation by benzodiazepine receptors.
Source: Psychopharmacology. Vol 115(1-2) 167-172, Jun 1994.
Abstract:
Compared the behavioral effects of nitrous oxide (N-sub-2O) with a benzodiazepine (BZ) standard, chlordiazepoxide (CP), in the mouse elevated plus maze. Exposure to increasing levels of N-sub-2O produced a concentration-related increase in the percent of total entries into and the percent of total time spent on the open arms, a pattern of response similar to that induced by CP. These effects of N-sub-2O and CP were both antagonized by pretreatment with the BZ receptor blocker flumazenil. In another experiment, mice made tolerant to CP also exhibited a cross-tolerance to N-sub-2O. Results support the hypothesis that the anxiolytic effect of N-sub-2O is mediated by BZ receptors.

<58>
Accession Number Journal Article: 82-02855.
Author : Markianos, Manolis; Alevizos, Basil; Hatzimanolis, John; Stefanis, Costas.
Institution : Athens U Medical School, Psychiatric Clinic, Eginition Hosp, Greece.
Title: Effects of monoamine oxidase A inhibition on plasma biogenic amine metabolites in depressed patients.
Source: Psychiatry Research. Vol 52(3) 259-264, Jun 1994.
Abstract:
3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycel (3-MHPG), homovanillic acid (HVA), and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), which are the main metabolites of noradrenaline, dopamine and serotonin (5-hydroytryptamine (5-HT)), respectively, were estimated in plasma of 21 depressed patients before and after 2 and 4 wks of treatment with the MAO-A inhibitor moclobemide. The treatment caused signifiant mean reductions in plasma MHPG and HVA (46% and 30%, respectively), while plasma 5-HIAA was unchanged. Multiple regression analysis revealed associations between reductions in MHPG and changes on the anxiety-somatization factor of the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD), and between reductions in HVA and change in the HRSD factors cognitive disturbance and retardation.

<59>
Accession Number Journal Article: 82-02271.
Author : Kioumourtzoglou, Efthimis; Batsiou, Sofia; Theodorakis, Yannis; Mauromatis, Giorgos.
Institution : "Demokritus" U of Thrace, Dept of Physical Education & Sport Science, Komotine, Greece.
Title: Selected motor skills of mentally retarded and nonretarded individuals.
Source: Perceptual & Motor Skills. Vol 78(3, Pt 1) 1011-1015, Jun 1994.
Abstract:
Examined whether Ss (aged 16-30 yrs) with mental retardation (MR) showed a specific motor performance deficit on measures of reaction time (RT), aiming, and dexterity, compared with 2 control groups of 22 nonretarded persons (aged 6-9 yrs) matched for MA and 20 nonretarded persons (aged 15-28 yrs) matched for CA. Ss completed RT tasks for light and sound stimuli and aiming and finger dexterity tasks to assess motor skills. Motor performance measures for Ss with MR were considerably longer than those of CA controls. However, only time of finger dexterity with short pins was longer for Ss with MR than for MA controls. RTs across groups were faster for the sound than for the light signal, and no difference in RT for fine movement was observed.

<60>
Accession Number Journal Article: 82-01904.
Author : Beratis, Stavroula; Gourzis, Philippos; Gabriel, Joanna.
Institution : U Patras Medical School, Dept of Psychiatry, Greece.
Title: Anniversary reaction as seasonal mood disorder.
Source: Psychopathology. Vol 27(1-2) 14-18, Jan-Apr 1994.
Abstract:
Describes the case of a 26-yr-old male who, after a traumatic experience at the age of 12, had a series of anniversary depressive episodes at ages 16, 17, 18, and 19 yrs, followed by a series of anniversary manic episodes at the ages of 21, 23, 24, 25, and 26 yrs. These episodes occurred almost always a few days before or after the date of the accident and only when the patient was residing in his home town, the place of the traumatic event. The case fulfills the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-III-Revised (DSM-III-R) criteria for bipolar seasonal mood disorder. It differs from previously described cases in that both depressive and manic episodes developed at the same time of the year, and the illness was precipitated by psychosocial factors rather than climatic conditions.

<61>
Accession Number Journal Article: 82-00745.
Author : Savaki, Helen E; Kennedy, Charles; Sokoloff, Louis; Mishkin, Mortimer.
Institution : U Crete School of Health Sciences, Div of Medicine Dept of Basic Sciences, Lab of Physiology, Greece.
Title: Visually guided reaching with the forelimb contralateral to a "blind" hemisphere: A metabolic mapping study in monkeys.
Source: Journal of Neuroscience. Vol 13(7) 2772-2789, Jul 1993.
Abstract:
Examined cerebral regions likely to participate in visually guided reaching in rhesus monkeys, Macaca mulatta, by metabolic mapping. The study determined whether the pattern of hemispheric differences in cerebral activation, both within and across groups, would favor either ipsilateral motor control or crosscuing as an explanation for accurate visually guided reaching with a forelimb contralateral to a blind hemisphere. Data were analyzed from a study using the 2-deoxyglucose technique on 7 Ss who were deprived of visual input to 1 hemisphere while they were performing a learned visual discrimination. Findings show that metabolic mapping clearly favors crosscutting over ipsilateral motor control as an explanation for how a split-brain monkey can reach accurately to a visual target with the forelimb contralateral to the blind hemisphere.

<62>
Accession Number Journal Article: 81-46289.
Author : Markianos, M; Botis, A; Hatzimanolis, J; Stefanis, C.
Institution : Athens U Medical School, Psychiatric Clinic, Eginition Hosp, Greece.
Title: Prolactin responses to im haloperidol in drug-naive and drug-experienced schizophrenic patients.
Source: European Psychiatry. Vol 9(2) 91-94, 1994.
Abstract:
Assessed prolactin (PRL) responses to 5 mg intramuscular/ly (im) haloperidol (HAL) in the drug-free state and after 1 mo treatment with neuroleptics in 14 adult male schizophrenic patients who had never had drug treatment and in 20 adult male schizophrenic patients who had discontinued neuroleptic treatment for 2 mo to 1 yr. Drug-experienced Ss showed lower PRL increases after acute HAL (mean 31.7 ng/ml) than did drug-naive Ss (mean responses 43.4 ng/ml). After treatment with neuroleptics in doses appropriate for the best clinical response, baseline PRL levels were similar in the 2 groups, and im HAL did not cause any further PRL increases. Results indicate that after discontinuation of neuroleptics, the hypothalamic-pituitary dopamine receptors are subsensitive and remain in that state for long periods of time.

<63>
Accession Number Journal Article: 81-45361.
Author : Beratis, Stavroula; Gabriel, Joanna; Hoidas, Stavros.
Institution : U Patras Medical School, Dept of Psychiatry, Greece.
Title: Age at onset in subtypes of schizophrenic disorders.
Source: Schizophrenia Bulletin. Vol 20(2) 287-296, 1994.
Abstract:
Investigated age at onset and sex differences in the age at onset in the schizophrenic subtypes of 200 patients (100 men and 100 women). Significant differences in the age at onset were observed among these subtypes; the disorganized subtype demonstrated the earliest and the paranoid the latest onset. The mean age at onset of all women was significantly greater than that of men. Specifically, in the paranoid subtype the onset for men occurred earlier than for women. Conversely, in the disorganized subtype the disorder appeared earlier in women. There was no significant sex difference in the age at onset in the undifferentiated and the residual subtypes. In the paranoid subtype most men developed the disease before age 30 yrs, whereas women had an even distribution of the onset before and after 30 yrs. 96 Ss admitted for the 1st time demonstrated findings similar to those of the total sample.

<64>
Accession Number Journal Article: 81-42559.
Author : Chliaoutakis, Joannes; Trakas, Deanna J; Socrataki, Fotini; Lemonidou, Chrysoula; et al.
Institution : Technological Educational
Institution :, Research Methodology in Health Topics Lab, Athens, Greece.
Title: Blood donor behaviour in Greece: Implications for health policy.
Source: Social Science & Medicine. Vol 38(10) 1461-1467, May 1994.
Abstract:
Blood donation behavior was studied in 809 18-62 yr old residents of the Greater Athens area to identify socioeconomic and attitudinal factors and level of knowledge about blood donation related to donor behavior. Blood donation (by 40.8% of Ss) was found to be correlated with gender, place of birth, occupation, and knowledge about donation. Donors were more likely to be men than women; students and military recruits than professionals and scientists; and those with higher knowledge scores regarding donation. Three factors emerged as important regarding donation: health-related incentives for the donor, structural incentives (organization of blood donation education and management of facilities), and the creation of social and economic incentives. With respect to the affective measures, those who expressed feelings of guilt when presented with hypothetical, emotionally charged situations dramatizing the need for donor blood were more likely to be donors.

<65>
Accession Number Journal Article: 81-38690.
Author : Vassilouthis, J.
Institution : Hygeia Hosp, Neurosurgical Dept, Athens, Greece.
Title: Relief of trigeminal neuralgia by proparacaine.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry. Vol 57(1) 121, Jan 1994.
Abstract:
Attempted to treat trigeminal neuralgia by the opthalmic anesthetic proparacaine HCl (0.5%) instilled in the eye of the affected side of 15 patients. A satisfactory result was obtained in 13 Ss, allowing for withdrawal or reduction of the daily dose of carbamazepine. It is suggested that the drug may have drained through the lacrimal duct and eventually reached the trigeminal nucleus via retrograde axonal transport.

<66>
Accession Number Journal Article: 81-37979.
Author : Tsolaki, Magda; Drevelegas, A; Karachristianou, S; Kapinas, K; et al.
Institution : Aristotelian U of Thessaloniki, Neurological Clinic, Greece.
Title: Correlation of dementia, neuropsychological and MRI findings in multiple sclerosis.
Source: Dementia. Vol 5(1) 48-52, Jan-Feb 1994.
Abstract:
Examined 22 patients (aged 20-65 yrs) diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 9 neuropsychological scales. The scales used include the Mini-Mental State Examination, Brief Cognitive Rating Scale, Remote Memory Battery, Symbol-Digit Modalities Test, Boston Naming Test, Verbal Fluency Test, the Benton Test, the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, and a verbal memory test. The number and distribution of the lesions, and cerebral and corpus callosum atrophy were evaluated by MRI. Images were generated by a 0.5 Tesla instrument using T1WI, PD, and T2WI imaging techniques. Results reveal that patients with MS are impaired in a broad range of cognitive functions, but mainly memory is affected. Number of lesions in the corona radiata, insula, and hippocampus is correlated with cognitive impairment. Enlargement of the 3rd ventricle is an indicator of memory impairment in MS patients.

<67>
Accession Number Journal Article: 81-37682.
Author : Motti-Stefanidi, F; Tsiantis, J; Richardson, S C.
Institution : U Athens School of Philosophy, Dept of Psychology, Greece.
Title: Epidemiology of behavioural and emotional problems of primary schoolchildren in Greece.
Source: European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. Vol 2(2) 111-118, Apr 1993.
Abstract:
Studied the behavioral and emotional problems and the competencies of 466 nonreferred children (aged 6-11 yrs) in Athens, Greece, by administering the Child Behavior Checklist to their parents. In comparison to other countries, relatively high scores were obtained on both the internalizing and externalizing scales, and relatively low scores on the competence scales. Cutoffs for the indication of high risk of behavioral problems suggested by US data were exceeded by 36% of boys and 39% of girls on the total behavior scale; appropriate cutoffs (90th percentiles) for use in Greece were recomputed for all scales. Parents' responses to individual behavior items were analyzed in relation to the child's age and sex and the family's SES. Results are discussed in relation to cultural factors. (French & German abstracts)

<68>
Accession Number Journal Article: 81-37594.
Author : Dimitriou, E C; Lavrentiadis, G; Dimitriou, C E.
Institution : Psychiatric Hosp of Thessaloniki, Greece.
Title: Obsessive-compulsive disorder and alcohol abuse.
Source: European Journal of Psychiatry. Vol 7(4) 244-248, Oct-Dec 1993.
Abstract:
Compared 23 alcohol-abusing patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) with 64 non-alcohol-abusing patients with OCD in terms of factors such as the course and duration of OCD, the presence of precipitating factors for OCD, treatment outcome, and present psychiatric and functional condition. Results show that family history for OCD and course of illness were not related to the development of alcohol abuse, while alcohol abuse was associated with a longer duration of OCD and with more precipitating factors for OCD. Treatment outcome and present psychiatric and functional condition were not affected by alcohol abuse. However, more alcohol abusers developed new OCD symptoms after treatment than did nonabusers. Results indicate a high comorbidity (26.4%) of OCD and alcohol abuse.

<69>
Accession Number Journal Article: 81-37434.
Author : Madianos, M G; Gefou-Madianou, D; Stefanis, C N.
Institution : U Athens, Dept of Psychiatry, Greece.
Title: Symptoms of depression, suicidal behaviour and use of substances in Greece: A nationwide general population survey.
Source: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. Vol 89(3) 159-166, Mar 1994.
Abstract:
Investigated the relationship between the use of unprescribed legal and illicit drugs and problematic drinking with reported depressive symptoms and suicidal behavior in a nationwide general population sample of 4,291 respondents (aged 12-64 yrs) in Greece. Results reveal increased prevalence rates of depressive mood in both young adult and adolescent illicit and legal drug users and problematic drinkers. Sex differences in prevalence rates of depressive symptoms by categories of substance abuse (SA) are also noted. The type of SA determines the level of depressive symptoms formation (i.e., emotional dysfunction caused by certain categories of SA corresponds to serious forms of depressive illness leading to self-destruction).

<70>
Accession Number Journal Article: 81-30280.
Author : Hatzichristou, Dimitrios G; Bertero, Eduardo B; Goldstein, Irwin.
Institution : Aristolelian U of Tessaloniki, School of Medicine, Salonika, Greece.
Title: Decision making in the evaluation of impotence: The patient profile-oriented algorithm. Special Issue: Neurogenic impotence.
Source: Sexuality & Disability. Vol 12(1) 29-37, Spr 1994.
Abstract:
Proposes a Patient Profile-Oriented Algorithm (PPOA) for the diagnostic evaluation of impotent (IMP) males. The PPOA is based on age, health status and patient special concerns. Patient Profile I, which accounts for the vast majority of IMP men, consists of patients with documented neurogenic impotence, IMP patients with vascular risk factor exposure, and older patients. Evaluation includes psychologic consultation. Patient Profile 2 consists of young IMP patients without vascular risk factors or other health status concerns, patients with special concerns who want to know the etiology of their erectile dysfunction, and physicians who want to know the etiology of their patient's erectile dysfunction.

<71>
Accession Number Journal Article: 81-29901.
Author : Madianos, M G; Economou, M.
Institution : U Athens, Dept of Psychiatry, Community Mental Health Ctr, Greece.
Title: Schizophrenia and family rituals: Measuring family rituals among schizophrenics and "normals.".
Source: European Psychiatry. Vol 9(1) 45-51, 1994.
Abstract:
Examined the relationship between family rituals practice in 138 families (71 with a schizophrenic member and 67 without) by the use of an originally developed instrument, the Family Rituals Scale (FRS). The psychometric properties of this instrument were tested and proved to be reliable. Personal interviews with family members were also conducted. Families with a schizophrenic member were less ritualizing than were "normal" families. The correlation between FRS scores and Global Assessment Scale scores in schizophrenic patients was negative (i.e., the higher the psychosocial functioning level, the lower FRS scores), indicating higher performance of family rituals. The effect of other factors on FRS scores are discussed.

<72>
Accession Number Journal Article: 81-29760.
Author : Botsis, Alexander J; Soldators, C R; Liossi, A; Kokkevi, A; et al.
Institution : Athens Army Hosp, Dept of Psychiatry, Greece.
Title: Suicide and violence risk: I. Relationship to coping styles.
Source: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. Vol 89(2) 92-96, Feb 1994.
Abstract:
Compared 30 suicidal psychiatric inpatients with 30 nonsuicidal psychiatric inpatients in terms of suicide risk, violence risk, and coping styles. Suicidal Ss scored higher on both the suicide risk and violence risk and reported using almost all coping styles less frequently than the nonsuicidal Ss. Among suicidal Ss, suicide risk was negatively correlated with the coping styles of minimization, replacement, and blame. Data indicate that suicidal patients have inadequate mental resources to deal with life problems.

<73>
Accession Number Journal Article: 81-29754.
Author : Angelopoulos, N; Economou, M.
Institution : U Thessalia Medical School, Papakyriari, Greece.
Title: Prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms in a high-school students population.
Source: European Psychiatry. Vol 9(1) 19-26, 1994.
Abstract:
Investigated the prevalence of symptoms and anxiety and depression reported by 1,080 high school students in a Greek provincial town. One of the measures was the Delusions Symptoms States Inventory/states of Anxiety and Depression, which measures symptoms of anxiety and depression. On the anxiety scale 24.5% of the boys and 56.4% of the girls reported scores above the cut-off point, while 13.9% of the boys and 31.1% of the girls reported very high scores. Both boys and girls reported more elevated scores on the depression scale but the sex differences were more pronounced on the anxiety scale particularly in the group of high scorers. A weak positive relationship between age and dysthymic symptoms was detected in girls. Some of the symptoms reported may reflect mood fluctuations, or responses to events or circumstances which may create feelings of dissonance, sadness, or unhappiness.

<74>
Accession Number Journal Article: 81-27009.
Author : Alamanos, Yannis; Tsamandouraki, Kiki; Tountas, Yannis.
Institution : Inst for Social & Preventive Medicine, Athens, Greece.
Title: Assessing health status and service utilization in Athens: The implications for policy and planning.
Source: Health Promotion International. Vol 8(4) 263-270, 1993.
Abstract:
Studied morbidity, subjective health, and health care use in 2 populations, living in 2 municipalities in Athens, characterized by different socio-economic and educational levels. A total of 248 individuals in Area 1 and 303 individuals in Area 2 (aged 15+ yrs) responded to the survey. Data were collected through personal interviews. Results suggest that similar trends as well as some differences existed between the 2 populations studied, mainly concerning subjective health and the use of drugs. These findings imply that a morbidity and health care utilization survey carried out in Athens could be a sufficient basis for national health planning and policy in every municipality of the metropolitan area.

<75>
Accession Number Journal Article: 81-26221.
Author : Natsopoulos, D; Bostantzopoulou, M-S; Katsarou, Z; Grouios, G; et al.
Institution : Aristotelian U of Thessaloniki, Psychology Dept, Salonika, Greece.
Title: Space deficits in Parkinson's disease patients: Quantitative or qualitative differences from normal controls?.
Source: Behavioural Neurology. Vol 6(4) 193-206, Win 1993.
Abstract:
Studied 27 patients (aged 47-69 yrs) with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) and the same number of normal controls (NCs) on a test battery including 5 conceptual categories of spatial ability. The 2 groups were matched for age, sex, years of education, SES and nonverbal intelligence. A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) showed that the PD Ss performed less efficiently on almost all the tasks. A logistic regression analysis classified 81.48% of the Ss into the PD group and 92.59% into the NC group, indicating that left-right and back-front Euclidean orientation, 3-dimensional mental rotation and visuospatial immediate recognition memory of mirror image patterns discriminate well between the 2 groups. Application of a structural model (confirmatory factor analysis) demonstrated that both PD Ss and the NCs stemmed from a homogeneous population, suggesting that the differences found between the 2 groups are of a quantitative rather than of a qualitative nature.

<76>
Accession Number Journal Article: 81-25790.
Author : Madianos, Michael G; Madianou-Gefou, Dimitra; Stefanis, Costas N.
Institution : U Athens, Dept of Psychiatry, Community Mental Health Ctr, Greece.
Title: Changes in suicidal behavior among nation-wide general population samples across Greece. Special Issue: Genetic epidemiology of psychiatric disorders.
Source: European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience. Vol 243(3-4) 171-178, 1993.
Abstract:
In 1978 and 1984, 2 nationwide surveys on psychosocial issues and health status were conducted in Greece. Both studies were conducted with identical methodology (personal interview) and screening instruments, with probability samples of 4,083 adults (aged 20-64 yrs; Study A) and 3,706 respondents of the same age range (Study B). The presence of self-reported suicidal behavior during the last month prior to the interview was examined. In Study A, 2.8% of male and 6.8% of female respondents reported a recent suicide ideation, compared with 6.4% of the males and 14.9% of the female suicide ideators in Study B. However, only 0.27% of the males and 1.1% of the females in Study A attempted suicide. These proportions were doubled in Study B. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was high among Ss reporting a previous suicide ideation and suicide attempts. Discriminant analysis revealed social and psychiatric factors predicting suicidal behavior.

<77>
Accession Number Journal Article: 31-87633.
Author : Zarafonitou, Christina M.
Institution : Panteios School of Social and Politicial Sciences, Athens, Greece.
Title: The violence in urban environment. [French]. Original
Title: La violence en milieu urbain (Athenes: un cas concret).
Source: Revue Internationale de Criminologie et de Police Technique. Vol 47(1) 29-44, Jan-Mar 1994.
Abstract:
Discusses the recent increase in violence in Athens, Greece, with emphasis on factors responsible for this trend. The rapid, uncontrolled urbanization of Athens and concomitant social problems are described, and statistics on the distribution of violent and criminal acts in various districts of Athens and on the characteristics of these acts and their perpetrators are presented. The influence of police and other social control mechanisms on violence in various neighborhoods is described.

<78>
Accession Number Journal Article: 81-22834.
Author : Madianos, M G; Madianou-Gefou, D; Stefanis, C N.
Institution : U Athens, Community Mental Health Ctr, Dept of Psychiatry, Greece.
Title: Help-seeking behaviour for psychiatric disorder from physicians or psychiatrists in Greece.
Source: Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology. Vol 28(6) 285-291, Nov 1993.
Abstract:
Conducted a nationwide home survey on the identification of possible factors affecting help-seeking behavior for psychiatric reasons and the prevalence of related psychosocial problems in a sample of 3,754 adults in Greece. Of the 570 Ss who reported at the personal interview that they had a serious mental health problem, only 40.8% reported that they had seen a physician or a psychiatrist. Multivariate analysis revealed 2 opposite groups of factors determining help-seeking behavior. Respondents of lower SES expressing psychosomatic symptoms were usually the clientele of physicians.

<79>
Accession Number Journal Article: 81-22086.
Author : Richardson, Clive; Ancelle-Park, Rosemary; Papaevangelou, George.
Institution : Panteion U, Athens, Greece.
Title: Factors associated with HIV seropositivity in European injecting drug users.
Source: AIDS. Vol 7(11) 1485-1491, Nov 1993.
Abstract:
Conducted personal interviews with 2,330 iv drug users from several European countries to establish behavior in relation to drug use and sexual practices that may contribute to risk of transmission of HIV. A number of the within-country comparisons between HIV-seropositive Ss and seronegative Ss were statistically significant. HIV-positive Ss were older than seronegative Ss in Belgium, France, Germany, the Netherlands, and Sweden; had started injecting at a younger age in Denmark, the Netherlands, and Spain; and had a longer duration of injecting in Belgium, France, Ireland, and the Netherlands. In France, a history of imprisonment was more common among seropositive Ss. Differences between HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative Ss for high-risk sexual practices did not come to levels of statistical significance.

<80>
Accession Number Journal Article: 81-21593.
Author : Garyfallos, George; Lavrentiadis, G; Amoutzias, D; Monas, K; et al.
Institution : Community Mental Health Ctr of North-Western District of Thessaloniki, Greece.
Title: Negative symptoms of schizophrenia and the dexamethasone suppression test.
Source: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. Vol 88(6) 425-428, Dec 1993.
Abstract:
Administered the dexamethasone suppression test (DST) to 30 inpatients who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-III-Revised (DSM-III-R) criteria for chronic schizophrenia and shared similar environments. 13% of the Ss were DST nonsuppressors. Results indicate that dexamethasone nonsuppression in schizophrenia is not related to the presence of negative symptoms. There was no relationship between negative symptoms and illness variables. Depressed schizophrenic Ss did not display increased nonsuppression compared with nondepressed schizophrenic Ss.

<81>
Accession Number Journal Article: 81-18259.
Author : Natsopoulos, D; Grouios, G; Bostantzopoulou, S; Mentenopoulos, G; et al.
Institution : Aristotelian U of Thessaloniki, AHEPA Hosp, Salonika, Greece.
Title: Algorithmic and heuristic strategies in comprehension of complement clauses by patients with Parkinson's disease.
Source: Neuropsychologia. Vol 31(9) 951-964, Sep 1993.
Abstract:
Investigated language ability in 22 patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD; aged 50-72 yrs) and 22 normal control (NC) Ss matched on age (51-68 yrs), sex, education, and SES. The 2 groups of Ss were tested on 8 sentence types in Greek in the form of main and complement clause with 8 matrix verbs. These matrix verbs were ask (ask information), promise (commissive meaning), tell/1 (order, command) and tell/2 (give information) in sentences with no semantic constraints, and confess, sell, trust, and scold in sentences with semantic constraints (implicit causality). Results show that language ability, despite relative preservation, is significantly impaired in PD Ss as compared to that of NC Ss.

<82>
Accession Number Journal Article: 81-18096.
Author : Madianos, M G; Madianou-Gefou, D; Stefanis, C N.
Institution : Community Mental Health Ctr of Byron Kessariani, Athens, Greece.
Title: Drug use and somatic illnesses with psychological component: A nation-wide survey among adolescents and adults in Greece.
Source: Psychotherapy & Psychosomatics. Vol 60(3-4) 177-185, 1993.
Abstract:
Surveyed 4,292 persons (aged 12-17, 18-24, 25-64 yrs) concerning drug use, mental health, somatic illnesses, and psychosocial issues. The relationship of specific categories of somatic illnesses with a psychological component to the use of licit and illicit drugs was studied. The total sample was divided into 3 mutually exclusive groups: Group A included Ss who have reported illicit drug use 1-3 or more times in their lives; Group B comprised Ss who have reported the use of licit psychotropic drugs 3 or more times in their lives; Group C included non-user Ss. A higher proportion of Ss from Groups A and B of both sexes in all 3 age strata reported the presence of a specific somatic illness such as bronchial asthma, essential hypertension, peptic ulcer, irritable bowel syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, dermatitis, or eczema, in comparison to Group C.

<83>
Accession Number Journal Article: 81-18094.
Author : Liakopoulou, Magda; Korvessi, Melina; Dacou-Voutetakis, Catherine.
Institution : "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hosp, Athens, Greece.
Title: Personality characteristics, environmental factors and glycemic control in adolescents with diabetes.
Source: European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. Vol 1(2) 82-88, Apr 1992.
Abstract:
Examined anxiety, lack of self-competence, depression, locus of control, and the importance of social class in a group of 40 diabetic (DBC) adolescents (aged 11-18 yrs) and 39 healthy controls. DBC Ss and controls completed an anxiety scale, a perceived self-competence scale, a locus of control scale, and a structured interview; the mothers completed a locus of control scale. There were indications of more depressive thoughts and feelings and slightly more anxiety in the DBCs than in the controls. The DBCs who put in more effort at school had better metabolic control. Also, the DBCs who worried about their illness and DBCs who belonged to lower social class had poorer metabolic control than other Ss. The DBCs did not differ in locus of control and self-competence from controls. Locus of control, self-competence, and anxiety were not correlated to HbA-sub(1c ) values. (French and German abstracts)

<84>
Accession Number Symposium & Conference Presentations: 81-14918.
Author : Xeromeritou, A.
Institution : U Patras, Greece.
Title: The European services: Greece. European Association for Mental Health in Mental Retardation Symposium: The mental health of Europeans with learning disabilities (1992, Veldhoven, Netherlands).
Source: Journal of Intellectual Disability Research. Vol 37(Suppl 1) 49-52, Oct 1993.
Abstract:
Addresses the service provision for mentally retarded people with mental health problems throughout the European Community, particularly Greece. This article describes the involvement of 3 ministries in providing services related to prevention, education, rehabilitation, vocational training, and work placement of handicapped individuals in Greece. A critical review of the Greek situation suggests a tendency toward normalization and the ultimate goal of deinstitutionalization.

<85>
Accession Number Journal Article: 81-10224.
Author : Mitrakou, A; Fanelli, C; Veneman, T; Perriello, G; et al.
Institution : National & Capodistrian U of Athens, Greece.
Title: Reversibility of unawareness of hypoglycemia in patients with insulinomas.
Source: New England Journal of Medicine. Vol 329(12) 834-839, Sep 1993.
Abstract:
Tested whether hypoglycemia itself induces the unawareness of hypoglycemia and whether the phenomenon is reversible. Autonomic and neuroglycopenic symptoms, counterregulatory hormonal responses, and cognitive function were assessed in 6 Ss with insulinomas and 14 controls matched for age, weight, and sex. Assessments were made approximately 6 mo after curative surgery. Before surgery the Ss with insulinomas had lower scores than the controls for autonomic symptoms and neuroglycopenic symptoms. The Ss also had impaired counterregulatory hormonal responses and less deterioration in cognitive function than the controls during hypoglycemia. Surgical cure reversed all these abnormalities. It is concluded that hypoglycemia itself can induce unawareness of the autonomic and neuroglycopenic symptoms of hypoglycemia and decrease the counterregulatory hormonal responses to hypoglycemia.

<86>
Accession Number Journal Article: 81-10217.
Author : Anagnostopoulos, F; Vaslamatzis, Gr; Markidis, M; Katsouyanni, Kl; et al.
Institution : Oncological Hosp of Kifissia "Sts Anargyri," Psychology Dept, Athens, Greece.
Title: An investigation of hostile and alexithymic characteristics in breast cancer patients.
Source: Psychotherapy & Psychosomatics. Vol 59(3-4) 179-189, Apr-May 1993.
Abstract:
A personality deviance scale was administered to 448 Greek women, 100 of whom also completed an alexithymia scale. Ss were attending 2 breast-screening centers. Women with low denigratory attitudes toward others had a relative risk of breast cancer 2.31 times greater than women with high scores in this scale. Statistically significant relations were not noted between the mean scores of alexithymia factors and breast cancer diagnosis.

<87>
Accession Number Journal Article: 81-06896.
Author : Lykouras, Lefteris; Markianos, Manolis; Augoustides, Adamantios; Papakostas, Yiannis; et al.
Institution : Athens U Medical School, Eginition Hosp Psychiatric Clinic, Greece.
Title: Evaluation of TSH and prolactin responses to TRH as predictors of the therapeutic effect of ECT in depression.
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology. Vol 3(2) 81-83, Jun 1993.
Abstract:
Studied the thyrotropin and prolactin (PRL) responses to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) as predictors of positive response to ECT in 42 unipolar depressed patients with melancholia. Before ECT, Ss' blood was analyzed for the relevant factors. Ss were administered the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression before and after ECT. Results failed to show clear evidence of a relation between the TSH and PRL responses to thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and the clinical recovery with ECT. The hormonal responses investigated were not proved to be of value as predictors of outcome after ECT. However, the possibility exists that TSH response to TRH may be useful in predicting relapses after ECT.

<88>
Accession Number Journal Article: 81-05912.
Author : Gabriel, Joanna; Paschalis, Christos; Beratis, Stavroula.
Institution : U Patras, Greece.
Title: Suicide in urban and rural southern Greece.
Source: European Journal of Psychiatry. Vol 7(2) 103-111, Apr-Jun 1993.
Abstract:
Investigated the rate and characteristics of suicide in rural and urban areas of Greece from 1979 through 1983. Information from police records was obtained for 254 cases of suicide, which were in the age groups of 15-24, 25-34, 35-44, 45-54, 55-64, 65-74, and >75 yrs. The annual suicide rate was 5/100,000. With the exception of the age group of 15-24 yrs, males committed suicide significantly more frequently than did females. Females aged 45-64 yrs in rural areas had the highest suicide rate, whereas in the urban/semiurban areas they had the lowest rate. The suicide rate increased with advancing age, particularly among males in rural areas. Both males and females preferred violent methods of suicide.

<89>
Accession Number Journal Article: 81-04684.
Author : Tzavaras, A; Phocas, C; Kaprinis, G; Karavatos, A.
Institution : Aristotelian U of Thessaloniki, Greece.
Title: Literacy and hemispheric specialization for language: Dichotic listening in young functionally illiterate men.
Source: Perceptual & Motor Skills. Vol 77(1) 195-199, Aug 1993.
Abstract:
The functional cerebral organization of 50 young men who were defined as illiterate was studied by testing their dichotic listening for language stimuli. These functionally illiterate men showed greater right ear advantage for language stimuli than 50 educated Ss. This finding is consistent with the view that mastering written codes for language might be 1 of the most relevant parameters in hemispheric specialization when language is studied.

<90>
Accession Number Journal Article: 81-03449.
Author : Stefanis, C N; Reisby, N.
Institution : Eginition University Hosp, Dept of Psychiatry, Athens, Greece.
Title: The involvement of the World Psychiatric Association in the issue of political abuse of psychiatry.
Source: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. Vol 87 (Suppl 370) 14-18, 1993.
Abstract:
Provides a historical account of the abuse of psychiatry for political purposes and the involvement of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) in this issue. The article focuses on developments between 1983 and 1989, which in many ways determined the future of the WPA. The authors pay tribute to F. Schulsinger, who served as secretary general of the WPA. Through his administrative capabilities, understanding of ethical problems, and devotion to basic principles of the WPA, Schulsinger has contributed to overcoming a crisis with considerable impact on the identity and the moral foundations of the psychiatric profession.

<91>
Accession Number Journal Article: 81-01786.
Author : Gournas, George; Madianos, Michael G; Stefanis, Costas N.
Institution : Soteria General Hosp, Dept of Psychiatry, Athens, Greece.
Title: Psychological functioning and psychiatric morbidity in an elderly urban population in Greece.
Source: European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience. Vol 242(2-3) 127-134, Dec 1992.
Abstract:
Explored psychological and cognitive functioning and specific psychiatric illness in 251 elderly community residents (mean age 74 yrs). Data were collected in home interviews. An overall psychological functioning profile was composed from previously derived mental health levels. Clinical diagnostic examination was based on a semi-structured schedule supplemented by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-III (DSM-III) criteria. A higher proportion of females than of males were characterized as psychologically impaired, reporting nonspecific symptoms of distress. Older Ss of lower SES experiencing stressful life events exhibited a significant degree of psychopathology. 20.3% of the Ss were diagnosed as suffering from a specific psychiatric illness. The prevalence of organic mental disorders was 5.6%, and affective disorders of any type constituted nearly half of the diagnosed psychiatric cases.

<92>
Accession Number Journal Article: 81-01785.
Author : Garyfallos, G; Adamopoulou, A; Moutzoukis, Ch; Panakleridou, Th; et al.
Institution : Community Mental Health Ctr, Thessalonike, Greece.
Title: Mental health status of Greek female nurses.
Source: Personality & Individual Differences. Vol 15(2) 199-204, Aug 1993.
Abstract:
126 female nurses completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the SCL-90 (Revised) (SCL-90--R). Ss scored significantly higher on both state and trait anxiety and on many of the SCL-90--R scales (i.e., the General Symptom Index, somatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, and paranoid ideation) compared with the adjusted norms. Ss who worked in a general hospital setting seemed to be more psychologically disturbed than psychiatric nurses. Psychological symptoms were more common in younger and less experienced nurses, whereas nurses' rank, years of education, amount of time spent with patients, and duties worked in intensive care units did not influence manifestations of psychological difficulties.

<93>
Accession Number Journal Article: 81-01744.
Author : Madianos, Michael G; Gefou-Madianou, D; Stefanis, Costas N.
Institution : U Athens Medical School, Greece.
Title: Depressive symptoms and suicidal behavior among general population adolescents and young adults across Greece.
Source: European Psychiatry. Vol 8(3) 139-146, 1993.
Abstract:
Surveyed 1,325 adolescents (aged 12-17 yrs) and 1,114 young adults (aged 18-24 yrs) regarding the self-reported symptoms of depression, suicidal ideation, and suicidal attempts. 20.3% of adolescents and 35.7% of young adults were characterized as being depressed. Similar differences between the 2 age groups in the prevalence rates of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts were observed. Suicide attempters of both age groups reported a higher number of depressive symptoms compared with the nonattempters. Characteristics that distinguished the suicide attempters from the total sample were low rates of school attendance, use of substances, previous psychiatric help-seeking, and additional mental health problems in families.

<94>
Accession Number Journal Article: 81-00974.
Author : Konstandi, M; Kafetzopoulos, E.
Institution : U Ioannina, Medical School, Greece.
Title: Effects of striatal or accumbens lesions on the amphetamine-induced abolition of latent inhibition.
Source: Pharmacology, Biochemistry & Behavior. Vol 44(4) 751-754, Apr 1993.
Abstract:
Tested the effects of nucleus accumbens or corpus striatum lesions on the abolition of latent inhibition induced by d -amphetamine (AMPH) in naive male Wistar rats. The repeated nonreinforced preexposure to a stimulus retarded subsequent conditioning to that stimulus. Results reveal a significant increase in the disruption of latent inhibition by AMPH between corpus striatum-lesioned and sham-operated Ss but a marginal difference between nucleus accumbens-lesioned and sham-operated Ss that had been preexposed to the stimulus. Findings indicate that the corpus striatum plays a role in the disruption of latent inhibition by AMPH; thus, the nucleus accumbens and corpus striatum may represent a functionally common system regarding the expression of latent inhibition.

<95>
Accession Number Journal Article: 80-47047.
Author : Tsegos, Yannis.
Institution : IGA, Athens, Greece.
Title: Strength, power and group analysis.
Source: Group Analysis. Vol 26(2) 131-137, Jun 1993.
Abstract:
Discusses 3 different kinds of group-analytic training currently in existence: (1) traditional; (2) block; and (3) community (ego training in action). Group-analytic training is described as a pendulum between psychoanalysis and Therapeutic Community. Whenever it is in need of power it turns towards psychoanalysis, and when it has a feeling of strength it moves toward the Therapeutic Community philosophy, and utilizes its ideas, principles, and practice.

<96>
Accession Number Journal Article: 80-46568.
Author : Papakostas, Yiannis; Markianos, Manolis; Papadimitriou, George; Stefanis, Nikos; et al.
Institution : Athens U Medical School, Psychiatric Clinic, Greece.
Title: Prolactin and thyrotropin responses to ECT after pindolol administration: A placebo controlled study.
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology. Vol 3(1) 75-79, Mar 1993.
Abstract:
Studied the effects of pindolol, a beta-receptor blocker with potent 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) type 1 receptor antagonistic properties on the prolactin (PRL) and thyrotropin (TRT) responses to ECT in 12 female depressed patients (aged 18-34 yrs). In a crossover design, Ss received placebo or pindolol (5 mg, po), 1 hr before bilateral ECT. The last 5 Ss were also tested with 10 mg pindolol during the 3rd ECT. Plasma levels of PRL and TRT increased in all 3 trials, but no consistent effect of pindolol on these hormonal responses was found. Pindolol tended to attenuate seizure duration, especially at the 10-mg dose. The participation of 5-HT type 1 receptor activity in the secretion of PRL and TRT during ECT remains uncertain.

<97>
Accession Number Journal Article: 80-46063.
Author : Kapaki, Elisabeth N; Zournas, Christos P; Segdistsa, Ioanna T; Xenos, Dionisios S; et al.
Institution : Eginition Hosp, Dept of Neurology, Athens, Greece.
Title: Cerebrospinal fluid aluminum levels in Alzheimer's disease.
Source: Biological Psychiatry. Vol 33(8-9) 679-681, Apr-May 1993.
Abstract:
Determined CSF aluminum levels in 21 patients (aged 49-62 yrs) with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and compared results with the levels in 38 patients (aged 30-70 yrs) with various neurological disorders and 40 controls. CSF samples were taken after overnight fasting, and measurements were repeated twice. No statistically significant difference was found in the CSF aluminum levels in AD Ss. Results indicate that if any local increase in aluminum in the brain of Ss with AD does exist, it is not reflected in the CSF.

<98>
Accession Number Journal Article: 80-46047.
Author : Dallas, Evy; Stevenson, Jim; McGurk, Harry.
Institution : U LaVerne, Athens, Greece.
Title: Cerebral-palsied children's interactions with siblings: II. Interactional structure.
Source: Journal of Child Psychology & Psychiatry & Allied Disciplines. Vol 34(5) 649-671, Jul 1993.
Abstract:
Compared the interactions between 64 children with cerebral palsy and their siblings (aged 2-13 yrs) with those of matched control dyads. Disabled Ss displayed pronounced deficits in initiating and directing social interactions. Their siblings, regardless of their age or birth order, took on the leadership role and maintained the positive but controlling stance that was also displayed by mothers of the disabled. Though hierarchical organization allowed the disabled dyads to function effectively, the siblings failed to experience the frequent challenges and the close, reciprocal style of interaction developed by control dyads.

<99>
Accession Number Journal Article: 80-46046.
Author : Dallas, Evy; Stevenson, Jim; McGurk, Harry.
Institution : U LaVerne, Athens, Greece.
Title: Cerebral-palsied children's interactions with siblings: I. Influence of severity of disability, age and birth order.
Source: Journal of Child Psychology & Psychiatry & Allied Disciplines. Vol 34(5) 621-647, Jul 1993.
Abstract:
Investigated the impact of cerebral palsy (CP) on the quality of sibling relationships and examined whether the nature of the interaction might be influenced by characteristics such as age and birth order of the siblings. It was hypothesized that Ss with CP would take a passive and dependent role in the interaction. 64 Greek children (aged 2-13 yrs) with CP and their siblings were observed in a semistructured play situation at home. Compared with matched control dyads, Ss with CP were passive and lacking in assertiveness, while their siblings were more directive. Interaction in disabled dyads was predominantly hierarchical in nature, with disabled Ss assuming the role of the younger child regardless of age or birth order. Control dyads were more egalitarian, with members taking turns in initiating the interaction. Maternal intervention was higher in disabled dyads, particularly among younger groups where social skills were poorly developed.

<100>
Accession Number Journal Article: 80-45978.
Author : Chliaoutakis, Joannes; Socrataki, Fotini; Darviri, Christina; Gousgounis, Nikos; et al.
Institution : Technological Educational
Institution :, Athens, Greece.
Title: Knowledge and attitudes about AIDS of residents of greater Athens.
Source: Social Science & Medicine. Vol 37(1) 77-83, Jul 1993.
Abstract:
Presents preliminary results of the 1st part of a research project on AIDS health education being conducted in Athens, Greece. 839 female and 713 male Ss (aged 16-49 yrs) were interviewed concerning their knowledge and attitudes about AIDS. In general, the population was moderately well informed about AIDS. Population groups who were best informed were females, those with a higher level of education and a longer period of urban residence, and those in the occupational category merchants/sales personnel. Three attitudinal categories were identified that could be characterized as discrimination, stigmatization, and fear of those affected by AIDS. Attitudes expressed by approval of restrictive measures toward those affected and stigmatization were associated with a low level of knowledge about most aspects of AIDS.

<101>
Accession Number Journal Article: 80-44411.
Author : Kaprinis, G; Tzavaras, A.
Institution : Psychiatric Hosp of Thessaloniki, Dept of Psychiatry Neuropsychological Lab, Greece.
Title: Neuropsychological consequences of the exposure of a group of telephonists to unusual auditory stimuli.
Source: Perceptual & Motor Skills. Vol 76(3, Pt 1) 775-782, Jun 1993.
Abstract:
144 right-handed telephone operators reported a number of psychosomatic complaints after long-lasting unusual presentation of auditory stimuli to their left ears during working hours. The main finding of the study of their hemisphere organization for verbal stimuli, as measured by dichotic listening to pairs of digits, is that the group displayed a clear shift of the right-ear preference to the left and differed significantly from the control group of 40 persons. The finding was verified by a follow-up study of 52 operators conducted 8 yrs later.

<102>
Accession Number Journal Article: 80-40518.
Author : Anagnostakis, Yannis; Krikos, Yannis; Spyraki, Christina.
Institution : U Crete Medical School, Lab of Pharmacology, Greece.
Title: Pallidal substrate of morphine-induced locomotion.
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology. Vol 2(1) 65-72, Mar 1992.
Abstract:
Bilateral microinjections of morphine hydrochloride or saline were infused into dorsal, medial, ventral regions of the rat globus pallidus, to examine their effects on locomotor activity. Locomotor activity was measured 45 min before and 90 min after saline or morphine pallidal microinjections. Morphine induced a dose-dependent increase in locomotion that was significantly different between the 3 pallidal regions. Pretreatment with naloxone (1 mg/kg, sc) inhibited the morphine (7.5 mug) hyperlocomotion elicited from all 3 pallidal areas. Results suggest that the entire pallidum serves as substrate of morphine hyperlocomotion mediated by opiate receptors.

<103>
Accession Number Errata or Retraction: 80-38565.
Author : Martinos, A; Rinieris, P; Papachristou, D N; Souvatzoglou, A; et al.
Institution : Athens U Medical School, Eginition Hosp, Greece.
Title: "Effects of six weeks' neuroleptic treatment on the pituitary-thyroid axis in schizophrenic patients": Erratum.
Source: Neuropsychobiology. Vol 26(4) 179, 1992.
Abstract:
Reports an error in the original article by A. Martinos et al ( Neuropsychobiology, 1986, Vol 16(2-3), 72-77). The list of authors should be completed with D. N. Papachristou, who was the 3rd author of that article. (The following abstract of this article originally appeared in PA, Vol 75:17813.) Investigated the effects of 6 wks of neuroleptic treatment on the pituitary-thyroid axis in 25 male schizophrenics (aged 19-42 yrs) and diurnal variation in these Ss' thyrotropin (TSH) and prolactin (PRL) responses to thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) during treatment. After treatment, Ss tended to have lower free thyroxine values, higher-basal TSH and PRL values, and significantly augmented TSH and PRL responses to TRH compared with pretreatment values. Findings suggest a means for diagnosing subclinical hypothyroidism in neuroleptic-treated schizophrenics.

<104>
Accession Number Journal Article: 80-38536.
Author : Alevizos, Basil; Hatzimanolis, J; Markianos, M; Stefanis, C N.
Institution : U Athens, Eginition Hosp, Greece.
Title: Clinical, endocrine and neurochemical effects of moclobemide in depressed patients.
Source: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. Vol 87(4) 285-290, Apr 1993.
Abstract:
Investigated the clinical efficacy of the MAO-A inhibitor moclobemide and its effect on the dexamethasone suppression test (DST) and plasma and urine 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) in 26 depressed patients (aged 27-61 yrs) during a 4-wk clinical trial. 14 Ss (54%) responded favorably to the treatment (50% or more reduction of the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression score). Eight Ss with an abnormal DST responded to treatment; 11 of 16 Ss with a normal DST did not respond. Ss with low pretreatment MHPG excretion according to the median value, were more frequently treatment responders. Plasma and urine MHPG were significantly decreased by treatment. Low excretion of MHPG and cortisol nonsuppression may be considered as predictors of favorable clinical response to moclobemide treatment.

<105>
Accession Number Journal Article: 80-38083.
Author : Beratis, Stavroula.
Institution : U Patras Medical School, Greece.
Title: Psychosocial status in pre-adolescent children with b-thalassaemia.
Source: Journal of Psychosomatic Research. Vol 37(3) 271-279, Apr 1993.
Abstract:
Investigated psychiatric disorders and the social profiles of 57 children (aged 5-11 yrs) with beta-thalassaemia and 57 matched controls. Although there was no significant difference between the 2 groups in the number of Ss with psychiatric disorders, the number of psychiatric disorders observed in the patient group was significantly greater than in the control group. Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) was diagnosed in 23% of the thalassaemics and in 5% of the controls. The frequency of ODD in male patients (38%) was significantly greater than in female patients (7%). Patients demonstrated a significantly greater frequency of disturbed behavior with relatives and friends than did controls. This behavior was related to ODD.

<106>
Accession Number Journal Article: 80-36568.
Author : Tsakiris, Stylianos; Kontopoulos, Alexander N.
Institution : U Athens Medical School, Greece.
Title: Time changes in Na-super(+),K-super(+)-ATPase, Mg-super(++)-ATPase, and acetylcholinesterase activities in the rat cerebrum and cerebellum caused by stress.
Source: Pharmacology, Biochemistry & Behavior. Vol 44(2) 339-342, Feb 1993.
Abstract:
Determined Na-super(+),K-super(+)-ATPase, Mg-super(++)-ATPase, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities in homogenated rat cerebrum and cerebellum in unstressed animals (control) and exposed to cold and immobilization for 45-180 min. Na-super(+),K-super(+)-ATPase and Mg-super(++)-ATPase activities were not affected within the 1st 80 min of stress, while they were increased about 50-70% after 120-180 min, where the maximum enzyme stimulation was observed. However, AChE activity was increased considerably by less than 45 min of stress and reached a plateau in 80-180 min to a higher value in the cerebrum than in the cerebellum related to the control. Results suggest that (1) the stress used can stimulate AChE in a different way and more quickly than Na-super(+),K-super(+)-ATPase and MG-super(++)-ATPase and (2) AChE in the cerebellum is stimulated to a lower level than in the cerebrum by stress.

<107>
Accession Number Journal Article: 80-34602.
Author : Papadimitriou, George N; Christodoulou, George N; Katsouyanni, Klea; Stefanis, Costas N.
Institution : Eginition Hosp, Dept of Psychiatry, Athens, Greece.
Title: Therapy and prevention of affective illness by total sleep deprivation.
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders. Vol 27(2) 107-116, Feb 1993.
Abstract:
Investigated the therapeutic effect of total sleep deprivation (SD), given twice a week for 4 wks, in 16 drug-free patients (aged 29-65 yrs) with major affective disorders. The response was excellent in 5 Ss, satisfactory in 3, and minimal in 8. Six of these Ss were treated prophylactically once a week, and 4 had an excellent response. Additionally, out of 5 normothymic drug-free Ss with affective illness treated prophylactically with SD, without prior therapeutic SD treatment, 3 had an excellent response. The majority of responders were rapid cycling patients. This method is suggested for patients resistant to classical treatment.

<108>
Accession Number Journal Article: 80-30768.
Author : Sarantidis, D; Kladouchos, V; Tripodianakis, J; Giel, R; et al.
Institution : Evangelismos General Hosp, Dept of Psychiatry, Athens, Greece.
Title: The reform of psychiatric care in Greece: 1983-1989.
Source: European Psychiatry. Vol 7(6) 251-257, 1992.
Abstract:
Evaluated the quantitative changes in mental health services (MHSs) in Greece, dictated by a 5-yr program to reform psychiatric care. Data were collected at 3 different times through direct correspondence with all Greek psychiatric units. By the end of the program, many psychiatric units in general hospitals and community mental health centers were created, while the number of beds in psychiatric hospitals (PHs) was significantly reduced. MHSs had become more accessible and served more patients. However, not all the objectives of the program had been met. Only about half of the initially proposed number of beds in the psychiatric units of general hospitals had been actually developed. The catchment area, a basic prerequisite of the program, had not been executed. The restriction of PHs' role did not coincide with the development of adequate new services.

<109>
Accession Number Journal Article: 80-30331.
Author : Skodra, Eleni E.
Institution : Private practice, Athens, Greece.
Title: Ethnic/immigrant women and psychotherapy: The issue of empowerment.
Source: Women & Therapy. Vol 13(4) 81-98, 1992.
Abstract:
Focuses on the series of difficulties ethnic and immigrant group women face on a daily basis within institutions. By critiquing the traditional forms of psychotherapy and counseling, the author presents feminist philosophy and feminist therapy as a situation that facilitates women's empowerment. It is argued that if feminist therapists allow women to be experts on their own needs and their own lives, they then offer these women the chance to acquire identities independent of fathers, brothers, or husbands.

<110>
Accession Number Journal Article: 80-29920.
Author : Kokkevi, A; Liappas, J; Boukouvala, V; Alevizou, V; et al.
Institution : Athens U Medical School, Eginition Hosp, Greece.
Title: Criminality in a sample of drug abusers in Greece.
Source: Drug & Alcohol Dependence. Vol 31(2) 111-121, Jan 1993.
Abstract:
Studied criminality as expressed by self-reported arrests and convictions in 202 drug-abusing people in treatment services, 92 drug-abusing male prisoners, and 81 non-drug-using male prisoners (controls). Drug-abusing Ss used heroin primarily. 77.6% of drug users had been arrested, and 57.1% had been convicted. Most drug users had more than 1 arrest or conviction for a variety of crimes. Arrests and convictions for other than drug offenses outnumbered the drug offenses. Only a minority of drug users were responsible for the majority of criminal acts. In 55.1% of drug users, involvement in criminality predated initiation to heroin use. Gender, polydrug use, unemployment, low education level, and use of heroin by modes other than injection were significant predictors of criminality.

<111>
Accession Number Journal Article: 80-29885.
Author : Skodra, Eleni E.
Institution : U Patras, Faculty of Humanities & Social Sciences, Greece.
Title: Families and abuse of prescribed medication: A psychological analysis of women's and children's experiences in the family and other social institutions.
Source: Counselling Psychology Quarterly. Vol 5(4) 315-324, 1992.
Abstract:
Investigated 20 mothers' (aged 25-60 yrs) use of psychotropic medication in Greece and Portugal. Reference is made to the types of psychological and social problems women experience which lead them to the use and eventual abuse of psychotropics, as well as to the kinds of reactions and experiences the children of these women have. The methodology borrows from psychology and anthropology, and centers around the ethnographic interview (J. P. Spradley, 1978) and theme analysis.

<112>
Accession Number Journal Article: 80-26910.
Author : Naziri, D; Tzavaras, A.
Institution : U of the Aegean, Rhodes, Greece.
Title: Mourning and guilt among Greek women having repeated abortions.
Source: Omega - Journal of Death & Dying. Vol 26(2) 137-144, 1992-93.
Abstract:
Presents 2 case histories selected as illustrative of a larger clinical study of the bereavement process of 40 Greek women who had undergone repeated abortions. Strong identificatory tendencies were observed in both the mother and father images; abortion as a voluntary interruption of pregnancy is described as a possible replacement and/or displacement of a reparatory character in relation to the "family romance" of each woman. The task of mourning and guilt apparent in the case studies is described as referring not only to a murdered and lost "person-fetus," but also to the death and the loss of an object of ambiguous desire.

<113>
Accession Number Journal Article: 80-26162.
Author : Christodoulou, George N; Dragonas, Thalia G.
Institution : Eginition Hosp, Dept of Psychiatry, Athens, Greece.
Title: Role of early developmental factors in susceptibility to disease.
Source: Psychotherapy & Psychosomatics. Vol 58(1) 32-39, Nov 1992.
Abstract:
Discusses early developmental factors implicated in subsequent infant and child development. The orientation adopted emphasizes both the interplay between constitutional and environmental factors and the mutual interaction between the child and his or her environment. Discussion focuses on pre- and perinatal factors and maternal psychopathology affecting mainly the early mother-child interaction and, in turn, child development outcome.

<114>
Accession Number Journal Article: 80-26099.
Author : Xeromeritou, Aphrodite.
Institution : U Patras, Greece.
Title: The ability to encode facial and emotional expressions by educable mentally retarded and nonretarded children.
Source: Journal of Psychology. Vol 126(5) 571-584, Sep 1992.
Abstract:
Investigated whether 20 8-12 yr old educable mentally retarded (EMR) children matched for verbal mental age on the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT) with 20 5-yr-old nonretarded (NR) controls were more adept in identifying emotional facial expressions and producing the equivalent word labels. In addition, the relationship between the phase of identifying facial expressions and the phase of producing emotional word adjectives was reassessed between EMR and NR Ss high in verbal ability and between EMR and NR Ss low in verbal ability. 16 stories, 4 for each emotion (happy, sad, angry, and scared), were used to test the Ss' ability to identify the facial expression and produce the appropriate adjective. There were no significant differences between EMR and NR children in general, despite the fact that EMR children had deficits in receptive linguistic competence.

<115>
Accession Number Journal Article: 80-25723.
Author : Madianos, Michael G; Stefanis, Costas N.
Institution : U Athens, Community Mental Health Ctr, Greece.
Title: Who needs treatment? A nationwide psychiatric case identification study.
Source: Psychopathology. Vol 25(4) 212-217, Jul-Aug 1992.
Abstract:
Conducted a cross-sectional home survey on psychosocial issues and mental health with a nationwide probability sample of 4,292 people (aged 12-64 yrs). Mental health status was assessed by use of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale and T. S. Langner's Screening Scale of Psychopathology. 29% of Ss were characterized by a degree of mental impairment and scored above the cut-off points in both scales. Eight clinical and help-seeking criteria were examined for their discriminant power and then selected to identify the true psychiatric cases. 7.2% of Ss were identified as probable and 8.0% of Ss as definite psychiatric cases in need of care.

<116>
Accession Number Journal Article: 80-24942.
Author : Mitsikostas, Dimos; Sfikakis, Anastasia; Papadopoulou-Daifoti, Zetta; Varonos, Dionisios.
Institution : National U of Athens, Eginition Hospital Dept of Neurology, Greece.
Title: The effects of valproate in brain monoamines of juvenile rats after stress.
Source: Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry. Vol 17(2) 295-310, Mar 1993.
Abstract:
Studied the effect of valproate (VPA) on brain monoamines after stress in rats to understand the mechanism of antidepressive action in VPA. 200 mg VPA was administered intraperitoneal/ly (ip) to 10 juvenile male rats; 10 control Ss were treated with NaCl 0.9% ip. After 30 min, all animals were evoked on predictable neurogenic or systemic stress (30 min foot shock or 15 min ether stress, respectively), and 48 hrs later, VPA or NaCl was administered ip; 30 min afterward, the rats were decapitated. 20 other rats without stress were also sacrificed 30 min after VPA or NaCl administration. Results support the hypothesis that VPA may be effective in affective disorders by influencing the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) system.

<117>
Accession Number Journal Article: 80-22869.
Author : Mitsibounas, Dimitris N; Tsouna-Hadjis, Evie D; Rotas, Vassilis R; Sideris, Dimitris A.
Institution : Alexandra Hosp, Dept of Clinical Therapeutics, Athens, Greece.
Title: Effects of group psychosocial intervention on coronary risk factors.
Source: Psychotherapy & Psychosomatics. Vol 58(2) 97-102, 1992.
Abstract:
Examined whether a psychosocial intervention approach aimed at resolving psychological conflicts could reduce the severity of risk factors for post-acute myocardial infarction (MI) patients. 23 patients (mean age 50 yrs) with a recent MI participated in a group psychosocial intervention program that lasted 1 yr. 20 other patients (mean age 56 yrs) with recent MI served as controls. Mean values for 7 risk factors of coronary heart disease (smoking, body weight, serum cholesterol, trigycerides, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and serum uric acid) were compared between the 2 groups. Results suggest that group psychosocial intervention with post-acute MI patients considerably reduces some coronary-disease risk factors.

<118>
Accession Number Journal Article: 80-22409.
Author : Triantafyllou, Nikos I; Zalonis, I; Kokotis, P; Anthracopoulos, M; et al.
Institution : Athens U Medical School, Eginition Hosp Neurological Clinic, Greece.
Title: Cognition in epilepsy: A multichannel event related potential (P300) study.
Source: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. Vol 86(5) 462-465, Nov 1992.
Abstract:
Auditory ERPs from 68 epileptic patients (aged 15-60 yrs) were studied to determine a possible relationship between neurophysiological data and certain characteristics of this population (i.e., seizure type, EEG findings, duration of the disease, and type of anticonvulsant treatment). Epileptic patients had significantly prolonged N2 and P3 latencies when compared with 30 controls (aged 15-54 yrs). Idiopathic generalized epilepsy was associated with less prolonged N2 and P3 latencies. Anticonvulsant monotherapy and short duration of treatment were also associated with less prolonged N2 and P3 latencies. Patients with normal EEGs had less prolonged N2 and P3 latencies as well. Findings indicate a possible slowness in information processing and/or a short-term memory disturbance.

<119>
Accession Number Journal Article: 80-21768.
Author : Madianos, M G; Gournas, G; Stefanis, C N.
Institution : U Athens, Community Mental Health Ctr, Greece.
Title: Depressive symptoms and depression among elderly people in Athens.
Source: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. Vol 86(4) 320-326, Oct 1992.
Abstract:
Evaluated the depressive symptoms, cognitive functioning, and prevalence of affective disorders in 251 elderly Ss. 27.1% of Ss reported a significant number of dysphoric or depressive symptoms and were identified as depressed cases. Ss who had lower SES, were widowed, experiencing stressful life events, or living alone exhibited a significant degree of depressive psychopathology. An association between depressed mood and cognitive impairment was also found. A total of 9.5% of the sample was diagnosed as suffering from any type of affective disorder. Affective disorders constituted nearly half of the total number of psychiatric diagnoses. Of the 27.1% of Ss with depressed mood, only 9.5% were diagnosed as suffering from clinical types of depression. Instruments included the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire, and the Stockton Geriatric Rating Scale.

<120>
Accession Number Journal Article: 80-20796.
Author : Antoniou, K; Kafetzopoulos, E.
Institution : U Ioannina Medical School, Greece.
Title: Behavioral effects of amphetamine and apomorphine after striatal lesions in the rat.
Source: Pharmacology, Biochemistry & Behavior. Vol 43(3) 705-722, Nov 1992.
Abstract:
Compared the effects of 2 dopaminergic agonists, d -amphetamine (AMPH) and apomorphine (APO), after dorsal striatal lesions with ibotenic acid using a computerized scoring of the behavior in male rats. Although AMPH- and APO-induced locomotor activity was no different between lesioned and nonlesioned Ss in photobeam activity cages, the structure of their behavioral pattern was quite different. Freezing, a usual response after AMPH, was blocked by the lesion. Results indicate that the dorsal striatum is involved not only in the control of stereotypy, but also in the mediation of behavioral activation in response to stimulant drugs.

<121>
Accession Number Journal Article: 80-15935.
Author : Theodorakis, Yannis; Doganis, George; Bagiatis, Konstantinos.
Institution : Aristotelian U of Thessaloniki, Sport Psychology Lab, Salonika, Greece.
Title: Attitudes toward physical activity in female physical fitness programs participants.
Source: International Journal of Sport Psychology. Vol 23(3) 262-273, Jul-Sep 1992.
Abstract:
Adapted the Children's Attitudes Toward Physical Activity Inventory for 120 Greek women in physical fitness programs, 35 in modern and classical dance, and 30 top athletes used as controls. All were aged 18-50 yrs. The inventory consisted of 9 subdomains. Discriminant analysis among the Ss showed differences in a number of subdomains, which discriminate the Ss according to the type of activity. Dancers were discriminated from the Fitness group within the aesthetic, ascetic, vertigo, and body shaping subdomains, and the Top Athlete group was discriminated from the Fitness group within the vertigo, and ascetic subdomains. Based on these findings, the inventory was considered appropriate for measuring attitudes of adult females. (French, Spanish, German & Italian abstracts)

<122>
Accession Number Journal Article: 80-14854.
Author : Sandyk, Reuven; Tsagas, N; Anninos, P A; Derpapas, K.
Institution : Demokritos U of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
Title: Magnetic fields mimic the behavioral effects of REM sleep deprivation in humans.
Source: International Journal of Neuroscience. Vol 65(1-4) 61-68, Jul-Aug 1992.
Abstract:
A 27-yr-old female with multiple sclerosis and a 62-yr-old male with Parkinson's disease received treatment with magnetic fields that produced heightened drive behavior, including increased appetite and craving for specific foods, intense sexual arousal, decreased anxiety, and elevation of mood and level of energy. These effects have been noted in animals and humans subjected to REM sleep deprivation. It is suggested that the CNS effects of magnetic fields may be mediated via the dopaminergic system.

<123>
Accession Number Journal Article: 80-14321.
Author : Markianos, Manolis; Seretis, A; Kotsou, S; Baltas, I; et al.
Institution : Athens U Medical School, Eginition Hosp Psychiatric Clinic, Greece.
Title: CSF neurotransmitter metabolites and short-term outcome of patients in coma after head injury.
Source: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. Vol 86(2) 190-193, Aug 1992.
Abstract:
Estimated the CSF levels of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), homovanillic acid (HVA), and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) in 24 Ss in coma after head injury and compared them with that from 24 Ss undergoing routine myelography. Concentrations of 5-HIAA were negatively correlated to the score on the Glasgow Coma Scale. Ss who recovered with no or minor neurological deficits had lower 5-HIAA levels, while there were no differences regarding HVA or MHPG concentrations. The possibility of a connection of the high neurotransmitter turnover during coma to the development of posttraumatic depression is discussed.
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