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Stomatologia 2007, 64(2):43-49
Review
TOXICITY OF THE SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE SOLUTION IN ROOT CANAL THERAPY
CH.A. PAPADOPOULOS, N. PETRIDIS
SUMMARY In root canal therapy, the contribution of irrigation solutions is important, as the thorough and in depth debridement of the root canal system is impossible by the mechanical preparation only. Out of the many irrigation solutions, one of the most popular is sodium hypochlorite, due to it’s physicochemical and antibacterial properties. However, it’s toxic effect on living tissues puts restrictions at it’s use. The toxicity is based on the reaction between sodium hypochlorite solution’s ions and tissue substances and is proved in many in vivo and in vitro experiments. The factors that affect the toxicity are concentration, pH and temperature. Toxicity appears in clinical act as a result of periapical extrusion, leakage into other tissues, ocular chemical trauma, allergic reactions and misuse of the solution as an anesthetic. The purpose of this review is to present the mechanism of toxicity of sodium hypochlorite solution, the factors that affect it and the ways toxicity is possible to appear during the use of this, as an irrigating solution during root canal therapy.
KEY WORDS: Sodium hypochlorite, Toxicity, Irrigating solution.
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