Last update:
10-Jun-2025

OBJECTIVE Τo investigate the intention to vaccinate pregnant women against seasonal influenza according to the health belief model.

METHOD A specific self-report questionnaire was used with variables of the health belief model that assessed perceived vulnerability, severity, benefits, barriers and indications for action. It was distributed to pregnant women who were being examined privately in three obstetric clinics in the prefecture of Fokida and in one in the prefecture of Fthiotida for completion from October to December 2023 and 101 valid responses were collected. Survey data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 29.0.

RESULTS Based on the evaluation of the Health Belief Model, it appeared that the study population had a positive intention to receive influenza vaccine. The seriousness of any illness in pregnant women and their fetuses-newborns was perceived, as well as the benefits arising from the adoption of this preventive health behavior. Factors such as ages 26−40, having a degree, active work status, good standard of living, having some pathology, as well as previous influenza immunization, combined with knowledge about the virus and vaccination recommendations favored the intention to immunize. The main causes of mobilization were the receipt of a recommendation from the health professional and the surroundings, while the main obstacles related to the fear of the safety and effectiveness of the vaccine. Current gestational age, number of children and pregnancies did not play a role.

CONCLUSIONS The Health Belief Model is a useful tool to assess and enhance vaccination intention by identifying individual beliefs that act on the control of a disease. Nevertheless, further research focused on specific behavioral components is necessary for a comprehensive investigation of vaccination intention during pregnancy.

Key words: Health Belief Model, Influenza, Pregnancy, Vaccination against influenza.