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10-Jun-2025
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Arch Hellen Med, 42(4), July-August 2025, 506-512 ORIGINAL PAPER Validity and reliability of the Greek version of a questionnaire on the screen time in preschool children A. Christakis, K. Tsaras, D. Papagiannis, M. Saridi, E. Fradelos, A. Toska |
OBJECTIVE The translation and weighting in the Greek population of a questionnaire recording the preschool children's screen time and the factors that may determine it.
METHOD A structured questionnaire assessing the screen time of children under six years of age was translated into Greek from French using a six-step method with the collaboration of three translators and two independent researchers. The translation process included forward and backward translation and a pilot study was conducted on a sample of seven parents to ensure the cross-cultural adaptation of the questionnaire. In order to validate the translation, five experts were consulted using the content validity method. The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed by conducting a repeated measurement study with 21 parents who completed the questionnaire twice with a ten-day gap. Subsequently, the percentage agreement between the measurements and Cohen's kappa (k) index was calculated. Based on the recommendation of the original questionnaire authors, two new items were added and two items were modified in the translated version.
RESULTS In the pilot study (n=7), all the questionnaire elements were positively evaluated in terms of understanding the concepts and the simplicity of completing them. The questionnaire was found to have excellent content validity, with a validity index ranging from 0.8 to 1.00. Out of 104 items, 97 showed complete agreement between the experts, while 7 had an index of 0.80, indicating very good agreement. The percentage agreement between repeat measurements (n=21) ranged from 71.4% to 100%, except for one item. The k-index showed substantial, near-perfect, or perfect agreement for most items. The final version of the questionnaire in Greek consists of 34 items.
CONCLUSIONS The translated version of the preschool screen exposure questionnaire has an outstanding level of cross-cultural adaptation, validity, and reliability. The Greek version of the questionnaire is simple and consists of easily comprehensible terms, which means that any parent can complete it in a short amount of time.
Key words: Children, Reliability, Screen time, Validity,
